Congress speeds up disapproval of end-of-term rules with batch voting
H.R. 77 — Midnight Rules Relief Act · Filed by Andy Biggs (R-AZ) · 12 cosponsors · Introduced Jan 3, 2025 · Passed chamber
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What it does
This bill amends the Congressional Review Act to allow Congress to disapprove multiple 'midnight rules' (regulations issued in the final year of a presidential term) in a single joint resolution, rather than requiring separate votes on each rule. Previously, each rule required its own disapproval resolution; this change lets lawmakers bundle them together for one en bloc vote.
Why we flagged it
The bill is a narrow procedural change to the Congressional Review Act, enabling batch disapproval of midnight rules. It does not substantively change what Congress can disapprove, only how efficiently it can do so.
What the text implies
- Bundling multiple rules into one resolution may reduce individual scrutiny of each rule's merits, as lawmakers vote on a package rather than discrete disapprovals.
- The change applies only to rules submitted during the final year of a President's term, creating an asymmetry: early-term rules cannot be bundled, only late-term ones.
The full analysis lists 4 implications of this text.
Who it affects
The bill makes it procedurally easier for Congress to overturn regulations issued at the end of a presidential term, which can be framed as either democratic accountability (Congress can more readily reverse executive overreach) or as a mechanism to undo protective rules (environmental, labor, consumer protections issued in final months). The civic effect depends entirely on which rules get bundled and disapproved—the bill itself is neutral on substance.