Farm bill extends programs through 2031, raises subsidy caps for big farms.

What it does

The bill extends U.S. Department of Agriculture programs through 2031. It gives money to farmers who grow specialty crops and face disasters. It funds conservation programs, including soil health grants to states and tribes. It expands dairy support and starts a feral swine control program. It raises payment limits for large farming operations.

Who it affects

Specialty crop farmers get disaster help. States and tribes get soil health grants. Large farming operations can receive higher payments than before.

One thing to notice

Payment limits for large farming operations went up. Entities deriving 75 percent or more income from farming can receive higher annual payments.

From the analysis of the bill text, linked under Primary records below.

Where it stands

• Feb 13, 2026 — Introduced · Congress.gov: “Introduced in House”
• Feb 13, 2026 — Referred to House Committee on Agriculture · Congress.gov: “Referred to the House Committee on Agriculture”
• Mar 3, 2026 — Markup held in committee · Congress.gov: “Committee Consideration and Mark-up Session Held”
• Mar 5, 2026 — Reported out of committee · Congress.gov: “Ordered to be Reported (Amended) by the Yeas and Nays: 34 - 17”
• Apr 30, 2026 — Passed the House · Congress.gov: “On passage Passed by the Yeas and Nays: 224 - 200 (Roll no. 154)”

Dates and quoted wording are Congress.gov's action record; the timeline shows status changes, not every procedural step.

Money around this bill

311 groups reported lobbying about this bill. They filed 329 reports from Dec 2025 to Jun 2026.

Those reports show $107,036,839 in lobbying spending. Each report lists about 5 bills. So that money was not all for this bill.

More groups named this bill than 100% of bills with any report.

Glenn Thompson, who sponsored the bill, received $1,040,443 from PACs for the 2026 election.

• Chamber of Commerce of the U.S.A. — $36,700,000 in 2 reports
• American Bankers Association — $3,510,000 in 1 report
• Koch Government Affairs, LLC — $2,760,000 in 1 report
• American Chemistry Council — $2,570,000 in 1 report
• Independent Community Bankers of America — $2,170,000 in 1 report

Lobbying is legal. These reports show who lobbied about this bill, not what changed.

Words to know

• specialty crop — Fruits, vegetables, and other crops that are not corn, soybeans, wheat, or rice.
• conservation programs — Government plans that pay farmers to protect soil, water, and wildlife on their land.
• soil health grants — Money given to states and tribes to help farmers improve their soil quality.
• feral swine — Wild pigs that damage crops and land and are not controlled by farmers.
• lobbying — Trying to influence lawmakers about a bill. Companies and groups pay people to do this.
• PACs — Groups that collect money and give it to candidates for office.