Congress expands deportation for assaulting police—using state assault laws.
H.R. 31 — POLICE Act of 2025 · Filed by Andrew Garbarino (R-NY) · 20 cosponsors · Introduced Jan 3, 2025 · Referred to committee
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What it does
This bill makes assault of a law enforcement officer a deportable offense for non-citizens. It amends immigration law to add a new ground for deportation: any non-citizen convicted of, or who admits to, assaulting a law enforcement officer while performing official duties, because of those duties, or because of their status as an officer can be deported. The bill also requires annual reporting to Congress on deportations under this provision.
Why we flagged it
The bill's operative mechanism is a straightforward addition to deportation grounds under immigration law. It expands the categories of conduct triggering removal by targeting a specific class of offense (assault of law enforcement) without creating new criminal liability—it only changes immigration consequences for existing conduct.
What the text implies
- Definition of 'assault' is delegated to state law, creating 50 different standards for what conduct triggers deportation—a non-citizen could face removal for conduct that would not be assault in another state.
- No severity threshold: the provision applies to all assaults regardless of injury, weapon use, or intent; a shove or defensive contact could trigger deportation if state law classifies it as assault.
- Applies retroactively to prior convictions if the non-citizen 'admits' to the conduct, potentially capturing individuals whose cases were resolved years ago without immigration consequences contemplated.
- Annual reporting requirement creates a public deportation count that may be used to measure enforcement success, creating incentive to maximize deportations under this ground.
Section numbers refer to the bill text the analysis read — linked under Primary records below.
Who it affects
The bill protects law enforcement from assault by creating a deportation consequence for non-citizens who commit such acts, which may deter violence against officers and enhance public safety. However, the definition of 'assault' is delegated to state law, creating inconsistency and potential for over-application; the provision applies regardless of severity or context, and may sweep in minor or defensive conduct depending on how states define assault, affecting non-citizens' due process and rig
Named in the bill
Department of Homeland Security, Immigration and Nationality Act (INA), Section 237(a)(2), law enforcement officers, non-citizens/aliens
Where it stands
20 cosponsors: 20 Republicans.
- Jan 3, 2025 — Introduced · Congress.gov: “Introduced in House”
- Jan 3, 2025 — Referred to House Committee on the Judiciary · Congress.gov: “Referred to the House Committee on the Judiciary”
Dates and quoted wording are Congress.gov's action record; the timeline shows status changes, not every procedural step.
Money around this bill
1 lobbying clients named this bill on 2 disclosure filings across 2 quarters, Dec 2025 to Jun 2026. Those filings disclosed $40,000 in lobbying spend. A filing names 30 bills on average, so that figure is what each filing reported, not a share belonging to this bill.
More lobbying clients named this bill than 0% of bills with at least one filing.
Andrew Garbarino, the sponsor, reported $2,001,500 in PAC receipts in the 2026 cycle.
- International Union of Police Associations AFL-CIO — $40,000 on 2 filings
Lobbying Disclosure Act filings through Jul 10, 2026. A filing shows who paid to lobby on a bill it names, not what changed.
How this was measured
Analysis — Quorum's AI read the bill text published by Congress.gov (1,777 characters) on Oct 31, 2026. Section numbers in the findings refer to that text, linked below; transparency and hidden-provision scores are compared against the median of 16,778 analysed bills.
Status and sponsors — Congress.gov's bill record — actions, committee referrals and cosponsors — loaded nightly. The timeline shows status changes, not every procedural action.
Money — Senate Lobbying Disclosure Act filings whose specific-issue field names this bill for quarters ending Dec 2025 to Jun 2026. A filing's amount is reported whole beside the median number of bills a filing names; it is never divided across them. PAC receipts are FEC-reported contributions to the sponsor's candidate committee in the 2026 cycle.
As of — lobbying records through Jul 10, 2026 · page rendered 2026-10-31.
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