Energy security program shields threat data from public view
S. 1902 — ETAP Act of 2025 · Filed by James Risch (R-ID) · 1 cosponsor · Introduced May 22, 2025 · Referred to committee
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What it does
This bill directs the Department of Energy to establish an Energy Threat Analysis Program (ETAP) to monitor, analyze, and respond to threats against U.S. energy infrastructure. The program will create a physical Energy Threat Analysis Center and coordinate with federal agencies (DHS, DoD, FBI, intelligence community) and private energy companies to share threat information, develop mitigation strategies, and strengthen the resilience of the nation's power grid and energy systems. The program runs for 10 years with $50 million authorized for fiscal years 2025–2029.
Why we flagged it
The bill's core function is establishing a federal program to analyze threats to energy infrastructure and coordinate response between government and industry. It is a security and resilience measure, not a deregulation, subsidy, or commemorative act.
What the text implies
- Section 3(e) grants the Secretary sole and unreviewable discretion over which entities receive threat assistance or information, creating potential for unequal treatment of energy companies without judicial review.
- Section 3(i) exempts all information shared under the program from FOIA and state/local freedom-of-information laws, preventing public scrutiny of threat assessments, incident data, or which companies received warnings.
- Section 3(h) exempts the program from Federal Advisory Committee Act (FACA) requirements, allowing private-sector participation in threat analysis without public notice, meeting minutes, or transparency rules that normally apply to federal advisory bodies.
- The program's 10-year sunset (section 3(g)) creates a reauthorization pressure point; if Congress does not renew, the program terminates, potentially disrupting established federal-industry threat-sharing relationships.
- Section 3(f) bars 'entities of concern' (defined in the Research and Development, Competition, and Innovation Act) from participation, but the bill does not define this term inline—compliance depends on external statute, creating ambiguity for energy companies about eligibility.
Section numbers refer to the bill text the analysis read — linked under Primary records below.
Who it affects
The program enhances national energy security and resilience by centralizing threat analysis and coordinating federal-industry response to cyberattacks and physical threats to critical infrastructure—a genuine public good. However, broad FOIA exemptions and the Secretary's unreviewable discretion over assistance create opacity that limits public accountability for how threat information is used and which entities receive support.
Who stands to gain
- energy infrastructure vendors and integrators
- commercial threat intelligence firms
- National Laboratories (DOE contractors)
- cybersecurity and incident response service providers
Named in the bill
Department of Energy, Office of Cybersecurity, Energy Security, and Emergency Response, Office of Intelligence and Counterintelligence, Department of Homeland Security, Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA), Department of Defense, U.S. Cyber Command, National Security Agency, Federal Bureau of Investigation, Office of the Director of National Intelligence, Electricity Information Sharing and Analysis Center (E-ISAC), National Laboratories — and 1 more
Where it stands
1 cosponsor: 1 Democrats.
- May 22, 2025 — Introduced · Congress.gov: “Introduced in Senate”
- May 22, 2025 — Referred to Senate Committee on Energy and Natural Resources · Congress.gov: “Read twice and referred to the Committee on Energy and Natural Resources”
Dates and quoted wording are Congress.gov's action record; the timeline shows status changes, not every procedural step.
Money around this bill
1 lobbying clients named this bill on 1 disclosure filings across 1 quarter, Jun 2026 to Jun 2026. Those filings disclosed $90,000 in lobbying spend. A filing names 1 bills on average, so that figure is what each filing reported, not a share belonging to this bill.
More lobbying clients named this bill than 0% of bills with at least one filing.
James Risch, the sponsor, reported $1,209,927 in PAC receipts in the 2026 cycle.
- Connections Health Solutions — $90,000 on 1 filing
Lobbying Disclosure Act filings through Jul 19, 2026. A filing shows who paid to lobby on a bill it names, not what changed.
How this was measured
Analysis — Quorum's AI read the bill text published by Congress.gov (7,803 characters) on Sep 28, 2026. Section numbers in the findings refer to that text, linked below; transparency and hidden-provision scores are compared against the median of 16,222 analysed bills.
Status and sponsors — Congress.gov's bill record — actions, committee referrals and cosponsors — loaded nightly. The timeline shows status changes, not every procedural action.
Money — Senate Lobbying Disclosure Act filings whose specific-issue field names this bill for quarters ending Jun 2026 to Jun 2026. A filing's amount is reported whole beside the median number of bills a filing names; it is never divided across them. PAC receipts are FEC-reported contributions to the sponsor's candidate committee in the 2026 cycle.
As of — lobbying records through Jul 19, 2026 · page rendered 2026-10-20.
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