Congress sets binding 2035 renewable target, efficiency mandates for utilities
H.R. 6098 — Climate Solutions Act of 2025 · Filed by Ted Lieu (D-CA) · Introduced Nov 18, 2025 · Referred to committee
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What it does
This bill requires the U.S. to transition to 100% renewable electricity by 2035, mandates energy efficiency improvements from utilities (saving 11.25% of electricity and 4.05% of natural gas by 2032), and directs the EPA to set binding greenhouse gas reduction targets (52% below 2005 levels by 2035, net-zero by 2050). Utilities can trade efficiency credits in a market system, and the EPA must review progress every 5 years with input from the National Academies.
Why we flagged it
The bill's core function is to establish binding federal targets for renewable energy adoption and greenhouse gas reduction, backed by EPA rulemaking authority and utility efficiency standards. It is a regulatory climate-policy framework, not a subsidy or tax measure.
What the text implies
- The 100% renewable electricity mandate by 2035 may require significant grid infrastructure investment (transmission, storage, balancing) not explicitly funded in this bill; costs could be passed to ratepayers.
- Market-based trading system for efficiency credits may allow wealthy utilities to buy compliance rather than invest in customer-facing efficiency, potentially widening service disparities between affluent and low-income areas.
The full analysis lists 5 implications of this text.
Who stands to gain
renewable energy developers and manufacturers; energy efficiency contractors and HVAC/insulation companies; grid modernization and battery storage companies