Federal funding for court-ordered firearm removal from dangerous individuals
H.R. 4252 — Extreme Risk Protection Order Expansion Act of 2025 · Filed by Salud Carbajal (D-CA) · 3 cosponsors · Introduced Jun 30, 2025 · Referred to committee
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What it does
This bill creates a federal grant program to help states and tribes establish or strengthen 'extreme risk protection order' (ERPO) laws—court processes that temporarily remove firearms from people deemed dangerous to themselves or others. It funds law enforcement training, court infrastructure, and public awareness, and adds a federal firearms prohibition for people subject to court-ordered ERPOs that meet due-process standards. The bill also requires states to report ERPO data and ensures orders issued in one state are recognized in another.
Why we flagged it
The bill's core mechanism is a federal grant program supporting state/tribal extreme-risk protection orders—a court-based firearm removal process for individuals deemed dangerous. This is a public-safety measure, not a tax provision, appropriation rider, or commemorative act.
What the text implies
- Federal NICS database integration of state/tribal ERPO orders creates a national firearm-prohibition registry; individuals subject to ERPOs will be flagged in background checks across all states, even if they travel or relocate.
- Full faith and credit clause (Section 6) means an ERPO issued in one state is enforceable in all others; a person cannot evade an order by crossing state lines, but also cannot challenge the original state's due-process standards in the enforcing state.
- Annual reporting requirement (Section 2(c)(4)) mandates demographic data collection on petitioners and respondents; this creates a longitudinal dataset on who petitions for ERPOs and who is subject to them, potentially revealing disparities in enforcement by race, gender, or other protected categories.
- Training mandate includes bias-awareness and domestic-violence protocols; this signals federal concern about discriminatory or unsafe ERPO enforcement, but implementation and enforcement of training standards depend on state/tribal compliance and grant oversight.
Section numbers refer to the bill text the analysis read — linked under Primary records below.
Who it affects
The bill expands a public-safety mechanism (ERPOs) that removes firearms from individuals court-found to pose danger of self-harm or violence, funded through federal grants and backed by due-process protections (notice, hearing, preponderance-of-evidence standard). Ordinary citizens benefit from reduced firearm-related suicide and interpersonal violence; respondents retain due-process rights and firearm return upon regaining eligibility.
Who stands to gain
- State and tribal law enforcement agencies (grant funding for personnel, training, infrastructure)
- State and tribal courts (grant funding for court personnel, forms, protocols, data systems)
- Community-based organizations (subgrants for public awareness and community training)
- Legal and mental health service providers (referral networks funded through grant-supported protocol
Named in the bill
U.S. Attorney General, State governments, Indian Tribes, Local law enforcement agencies, State and tribal courts, National Instant Criminal Background Check System (NICS), Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI), Community-based organizations, Domestic violence service providers, Mental health and suicide prevention advocates
Where it stands
3 cosponsors: 3 Democrats.
- Jun 30, 2025 — Introduced · Congress.gov: “Introduced in House”
- Jun 30, 2025 — Referred to House Committee on the Judiciary · Congress.gov: “Referred to the House Committee on the Judiciary”
Dates and quoted wording are Congress.gov's action record; the timeline shows status changes, not every procedural step.
Money around this bill
1 lobbying clients named this bill on 2 disclosure filings across 2 quarters, Dec 2025 to Jun 2026. Those filings disclosed $429,548 in lobbying spend. A filing names 106 bills on average, so that figure is what each filing reported, not a share belonging to this bill.
More lobbying clients named this bill than 0% of bills with at least one filing.
Salud Carbajal, the sponsor, reported $618,982 in PAC receipts in the 2026 cycle.
- National Association for Gun Rights — $429,548 on 2 filings
Lobbying Disclosure Act filings through Jul 22, 2026. A filing shows who paid to lobby on a bill it names, not what changed.
How this was measured
Analysis — Quorum's AI read the bill text published by Congress.gov (20,325 characters) on Sep 23, 2026. Section numbers in the findings refer to that text, linked below; transparency and hidden-provision scores are compared against the median of 14,784 analysed bills.
Status and sponsors — Congress.gov's bill record — actions, committee referrals and cosponsors — loaded nightly. The timeline shows status changes, not every procedural action.
Money — Senate Lobbying Disclosure Act filings whose specific-issue field names this bill for quarters ending Dec 2025 to Jun 2026. A filing's amount is reported whole beside the median number of bills a filing names; it is never divided across them. PAC receipts are FEC-reported contributions to the sponsor's candidate committee in the 2026 cycle.
As of — lobbying records through Jul 22, 2026 · page rendered 2026-09-24.
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